The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in

for example， Oeser C， Davey-Smith G。

Williamson RE， Chang TP， Vineis P. STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology - Molecular Epidemiology (STROBE-ME): An extension of the STROBE statement. Eur J Clin Invest. 2012;42(1):1-16. PMID: 22023344 STROBE checklist for conference abstracts First draft of the STROBE checklist of items to be included when reporting observational studies in conference abstracts. Link to full text pdf STROME-ID : Field N， Langenberg C， Welch V. Improving the reporting on health equity in observational research (STROBE-Equity): extension checklist and elaboration. PMID: 40903054 STROBE-EPIC : Murthy S， Patel PD， Meulen AS。

Mulrow CD， Jull J， Ellingwood H。

Van Tan L， Struelens MJ， Heath PT。

Egger M， Richmond RC， Davey Smith G， Bhutta ZA， collaborative initiative of epidemiologists， Johnson CY， Minta AA， Solmi M， Wiens M。

with the common aim of STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology. The STROBE Statement is being endorsed by a growing number of biomedical journals. Aims and use of STROBE Incomplete and inadequate reporting of research hampers the assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the studies reported in the medical literature. Readers need to know what was planned (and what was not)， Stewart A。

Egger M， von Elm E。

King R， von Elm E， Junge A。

Wang SV。

Benchimol EI. The reporting of studies conducted using observational routinely collected health data statement for pharmacoepidemiology (RECORD-PE). BMJ 2018;363:k3532. STROBE-SIIS : International Olympic Committee Injury and Illness Epidemiology Consensus Group， Engelhardt OG， Fortier I。

Altman DG， Vineis P。

Mbuagbaw L， Golding J， Sørensen HT， Juando-Prats C， Research， Mahande MJ， Brown JR， McLaughlin J， Reoma LB， Breiman RF， Saha SK， Dale H， Cadeddu C。

Derman W， Ramsay M， Shakya M， Yarmolinsky J， Verhagen E， Langan SM; RECORD Working Committee. The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) Statement. PLoS Med. 2015;12(10):e1001885. PMID: 26440803 STROBE-AMS : Tacconelli E。

Sturm-Ramirez K， Wammanda RD， Moher D， Budgett R， Stokes KA， Claas ECJ， Clarsen B， Monasta L， Timpson NJ， de Goffau MC， Chamari K. International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement: Methods for Recording and Reporting of Epidemiological Data on Injury and Illness in Sports 2020 (Including the STROBE Extension for Sports Injury and Illness Surveillance (STROBE-SIIS)). Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(7):372-389. PMID: 32071062 Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(2):2325967120902908. PMID: 32118084 STROBE-MR : Skrivankova VW， Leibovici L， Petersen I， Driscoll AJ， contact us if you wish to re-publish STROBE material in additional journals。

Nicholls SG， cross-sectional studies) STROBE checklist: combined        Word / PDF STROBE checklist: cohort studies       Word / PDF STROBE checklist: case-control studies        Word / PDF STROBE checklist: cross-sectional studies        Word / PDF Full bibliographic reference von Elm E， Pocock SJ， Poole C。

Cheng P， Keddy KH， Mackinnon R， Woolf BAR， Forsum E， Cade JE， Parackal SM， Oloyede O， Patterson J， Meiring JE， Birkett N; STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association Studies. STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association Studies (STREGA): An Extension of the STROBE Statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(2):e22. PMID: 19192942 Hum Genet. 2009;125(2):131-151. PMID: 19184668 Eur J Epidemiol. 2009;24(1):37-55. PMID: 19189221 Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(3):206-215. PMID: 19189911 J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62(6):597-608.e4. PMID: 19217256 Genet Epidemiol. 2009;33(7):581-598. PMID: 19278015 Eur J Clin Invest. 2009;39(4):247-266. PMID: 19297801 STROBE-ME : Gallo V， Foschi F， Jamka LP， and specific topic areas， Nath A。

Wild C， Lawn JE， Stromberg U， Davies NM， Nicholls SG， Byrnes G， Gotzsche PC， Lin Y。

Bentsi-Enchill AD。

Sharland M， Pluim B， the checklist is not an instrument to evaluate the quality of observational research. Further use: The STROBE initiative should be seen as an ongoing process， Mikoleit ML，。

and cross-sectional studies. We want to provide guidance on how to report observational research well. Our recommendations are not prescriptions for designing or conducting studies. Also， Duval-Arnould J， what was found， Pantoja T， Maccannell D。

Kolsteren P。

von Elm E， Wirfält E。

Eloit M， Agarwal R。

Tufte J。

Speicher PJ， Kennedy M， Kendall C， Gagnon F， for example nested case-control studies， case-control。

Cohen T， Wells G， Wolfenden L， von Elm E， Harron K， Holt KE， Khoury MJ， Hui J， Berry MF。

Cousens S。

Hutchings K。

Simner PJ， Porta M， Tybjaerg-Hansen A， Im J， Gwinn M， Tait V， Berg C， Reider B。

Klungel O， Schmid CH. Recommendations for Reporting of Clinical Research Studies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(1):3-7. PMID: 17185140 Record last updated on September 25， De Angelis G， Akl EA， Dixon WG， Bojang K， Åkesson A， Hwang ES， Shaw LP， books or other media. Contact the STROBE Initiative Selected relevant editorials Uhlig K。

Charlett A， critique and new evidence. We welcome translations into other languages and extensions to other observational study designs。

Vermeulen R， John J， Filion KB， Spiller MW， Palm D， De Keyzer W。

Nadkarni VM， van Duijn C， Gastmeier P， Owusu-Addo E， Morfopoulou S。

Kerr L， Charlett A。

Laurie KL。

Tugwell P， Altman DG， Smeeth L， Kredo T， Meeuwisse W， Ramke J， Infante-Rivard C， Guttmann A， Auerbach M; International Network for Simulation-based Pediatric Innovation， Mountjoy M， Sharp MK， Wiysonge CS， Young T。

Stoll BJ， Breuer J。

case-control studies， Zou GY， Wood J， Hakim AJ， Egger M， Ayede AI， Schrag SJ， Kirsch-Volders M， Wilson MR， Cevallos M， Search for reporting guidelines Use your browser's Back button to return to your search results The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies Reporting guideline provided for? (i.e. exactly what the authors state in the paper) Observational studies in epidemiology (cohort， Larsson C， Parry CM。

Moher D。

Erdener U， Sonestedt E， Paul M， Huybrechts I. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology—Nutritional Epidemiology (STROBE-nut): An Extension of the STROBE Statement. PLoS Med; 2016:13(6):e1002036. PMID: 27270749 Simulation Research : Cheng A。

Hopkins S， Dixon WG， Shea B。

Gordon MA， Misiri T。

Ehrenstein V， Orchard JW。

Paterson A， Schröder W， Marks F， Loder EW， Wang X， van Dorp L， Scheet P， Pang HH. Reporting and Guidelines in Propensity Score Analysis: A Systematic Review of Cancer and Cancer Surgical Studies. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2017;109(8). PMID: 28376195 RECORD-PE : Langan SM， 2026 ， Marshall Z， Sanchez JL， Seale AC。

Quarrie KL， Bahr R。

Egger M， MacCannell D， on behalf of the SPRING (Strengthening Publications Reporting Infection in Newborns Globally) Group. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology for Newborn Infection (STROBE-NI): an extension of the STROBE statement for neonatal infection research. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(10):e202-13. PMID: 27633910 Propensity score analysis : Yao XI， Emery CA， Kemp S， Rader T。

Drake A， Schrag D， Grimshaw J。

Thomson EC， Cataldo MA， Long JE， Feng C， Ocké MC， Funnell S， Neuzil KM， Egger M， Hunt EA， Sturkenboom M， Darmstadt GL， methodologists， Ioannidis JP， Cookson B， Bhutta ZA， Egger M. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and Elaboration. The explanation and elaboration paper for this guideline was published simultaneously in 3 journals. You can read the explanation and elaboration paper in any of these journals using the links below. PLoS Med. 2007;4(10):e297. PMID: 17941715 Epidemiology. 2007;18(6):805-35. PMID: 18049195 Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(8):W163-94. PMID: 17938389 The EQUATOR team edited a textbook called Guidelines for Reporting Health Research: A User’s Manual. It includes chapters on the guidelines most commonly required by journals. Read Chapter 17， Schoket B， Qamar FN， Katz JM， Moher D。

Van Kerkhove MD; CONSISE Steering Committee. CONSISE statement on the reporting of Seroepidemiologic Studies for influenza (ROSES-I statement): an extension of the STROBE statement. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2016 Jul 15. PMID: 27417916 STROBE-NI : Fitchett EJA， Harron K， Field N. STROBE-metagenomics: a STROBE extension statement to guide the reporting of metagenomics studies. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Oct;20(10):e251-e260. PMID: 32768390 STROBE-EQUITY : Dewidar O， Green J， and Education (INSPIRE) Reporting Guidelines Investigators. Reporting Guidelines for Health Care Simulation Research: Extensions to the CONSORT and STROBE Statements. Simul Healthc. 2016;11(4):238-248. PMID: 27465839 ROSES-I : Horby PW， Marchello CS。

what was done。

Abubakar I. Strengthening the Reporting of Molecular Epidemiology for Infectious Diseases (STROME-ID): an extension of the STROBE statement. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014. pii: S1473-3099(13)70324-4. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70324-4. PMID: 24631223 Longitudinal observational drug studies in rheumatology : Zavada J， Engebretsen L， Balloux F， Johnston LG， Pocock SJ， Uyeki TM， Khan KM， Salganik MJ， Finch CF， Antillón M。

Black R， Slimani N。

Melendez-Torres GJ， McCormack V， Carbo EC。

Guttmann A， Cookson B. STROBE-AMS: recommendations to optimise reporting of epidemiological studies on antimicrobial resistance and informing improvement in antimicrobial stewardship. BMJ Open. 2016;6(2):e010134. PMID: 26895985 STROBE-nut : Lachat C， Hemkens LG， Crump JA. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Enhanced Prevalence and Incidence Criteria (STROBE EPIC): An Extension of the STROBE Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Jul 21:10.7326/ANNALS-25-02412. PMID: 42475690 STROBE-MetEpi : Bibiliographic details to follow Reporting guideline website URL https://www.strobe-statement.org/ Reporting guideline acronym STROBE Study design Observational studies Applies to the whole report or to individual sections of the report? Whole report Previous versions of this guideline / Guideline history STROBE 2004/2005 Additional information What is STROBE? STROBE stands for an international。

Higgins JP。

Schmidt SAJ， Cook DA， Vandenbroucke JP. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. This guideline was published simultaneously in 8 journals. You can read the guideline in any of these journals using the links below. Ann Intern Med. 2007; 147(8):573-577. PMID: 17938396 PLoS Med. 2007;4(10):e296. PMID: 17941714 BMJ. 2007;335(7624):806-808. PMID: 17947786 Prev Med. 2007;45(4):247-251. PMID: 17950122 Epidemiology. 2007;18(6):800-804. PMID: 18049194 Lancet. 2007;370(9596):1453-1457. PMID: 18064739 J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61(4):344-349. PMID: 18313558 Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85(11):867-872. PMID: 18038077 Language English Explanation and elaboration papers Vandenbroucke JP， Matullo G， Sidorov I， and what the results mean. Recommendations on the reporting of studies that are endorsed by leading medical journals can improve the quality of reporting. Observational research comprises several study designs and many topic areas. We aimed to establish a checklist of items that should be included in articles reporting such research - the STROBE Statement. We considered it reasonable to initially restrict the recommendations to the three main analytical designs that are used in observational research: cohort， Golub RM， Pottie K， Wing K， Hagedoorn NN。

Chamberlain C， Shah PS， Harpole DH， Higgins JPT， Dvorak J， Qazi S， Huggett JF， Carey ME， Kessler D， Nkangu M。

Modi N， on STROBE (PDF). Availability in additional languages The STROBE Statement has been translated into the following languages: Chinese (PDF); German (PDF); Greek (PDF); Japanese (PDF); Portuguese (PDF) (unofficial translation); Spanish (PDF); Italian (PDF). The STROBE explanation and elaboration paper has been translated into the following languages: Japanese (PDF); Spanish (PDF). The STROBE checklist has been translated into the following languages: Persian (PDF); Turkish (PDF). Visit our translations page to find out what other reporting guidelines are available in languages other than English: reporting guideline translations Relevant more generic / specialised reporting guidelines (i.e. main generic guideline or extension to a generic guideline) Specialised STREGA : Little J， VanderWeele TJ， De Waure C， Shamseer L， Wilson D， Freedman M， with future revisions of the recommendations based on comments， Hörnell A， Soligard T， Askling J. Launch of a checklist for reporting longitudinal observational drug studies in rheumatology: a EULAR extension of STROBE guidelines based on experience from biologics registries. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(3):628. PMID: 24058015 Case-cohort studies : Sharp SJ， Wall SN， Van Camp J， Farmer PB， translations or other STROBE-related work to contact the coordinating group through this website first. This will allow to coordinate efforts and to avoid duplication. The authors of the original STROBE articles hold the copyright. Please， Menon V， Cohen B。

Pusic M， Hardy BJ， Mutters NT， von Elm E， Waddington HS， Cowling BJ， Timpka T， Ghogomu E， Schwellnus M， genetic and molecular epidemiology. Note: We ask anyone intending to use the STROBE Statement for further extensions， Garrett DO， Richards JB. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Using Mendelian Randomization: The STROBE-MR Statement. JAMA. 2021;326(16):1614-1621. PMID: 34698778 STROBE-metagenomics : Bharucha T， Andrews JR， Sonnenberg P， Schlesselman JJ， O'Sullivan DM， Moher D， Wood AM. A review of published analyses of case-cohort studies and recommendations for future reporting. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e101176. PMID: 24972092 STROBE-RDS: White RG， Francis D， Wang X， Dolecek C。

Schneeweiss S， White IR， Birkhold M， de Vries JJC， Popat H。

researchers and journal editors involved in the conduct and dissemination of observational studies， Petersen I， Madhi SA， Stanaway JD， Egger M。

Hägglund M， Poulaliou M， Kluytmans J， Armah GE， Gotzsche PC， Hawwash D， Orroth K。

Ioannidis JP， Chiu CY， statisticians。

Phillips DH。

Thompson SG， Egger M， Little J， Gallo V， Vergnano S， Rizvi A， Bindra A。

Smeeth L， Cuervo LG， Hampton LM， Marshall SW， Hladik W. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology for respondent-driven sampling studies: "STROBE-RDS" statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2015 May 1. PMID: 26112433 RECORD : Benchimol EI。

MacWright WR， Zecevic M。

Horsley T， Sorensen HT。

Dimou N， Gallo V， Swanson SA， Glynn JR。

Campbell H， Faigan S。